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Torque: Twisting motion trying to rotate something along some axis.
For animators it will be important to understand how torque happens whenever something is pushed off-center from it's center of mass as this governs where your character is supposed to place their limbs or extend to alter the motion they're already in.

Angular Momentum: The rotational equivalent of what we call 'momentum' how much energy is needed to accelerate or de-accelerate a mass from spinning. (a body motion remains in motion; a spinning body remains spinning unless acted upon by an external force)

Moment of Inertia: Depending on how the mass that is rotating is shaped it is not equally resistant to change in orientation.
Like if you pick up a long stick you can easily twist it very fast rolling it along it's length as when spinning a stick to start a fire, but if you try to spin the same stick like a helicopter it is a lot harder. That is 'Moment of inertia'.

Pick up any oddly shaped object nearby and try to rotate it around it's various axis in your hands and you'll feel
just how much easier it is to reorient in some directions compared to others.

The classic example is the ice skater that spins faster or slower as she contract or extend her arms.

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any animation tuts for understanding body movement?